HYBRID UPS

5 kWp PV Array

Virya 3.3 turbine

5 kVA UPS with modifications

[ User manual ]

Leverages existing UPS rectifier, inverter and charge controller
Daytime battery charging to peak power voltage (V_s^mp) based on measured PV array’s open circuit voltage (V_s^oc) from the series-connected SPV/ rectified wind generator. For wind speed w<3m/s, the hybrid and SPV-only systems behave identically
Nighttime wind-based load-support and battery charging (when wind speed exceeds 10m/s)
Changes to the UPS to interface PV array and Smart Relay are simple and fail-safe
Automatically switches in the appropriate power source (PV array/ Wind/ Utility)
Minimizes power outage probability
Maximizes expected solar and wind power utilization
Minimizes expected grid power utilization
Minimizes expected life cycle costs (including capital amortization, battery replacement and system maintenance)
Diagnostics
- Battery-operated hand-held PC may monitor PV/ Wind/ UPS performance (through isolated com-port)
- Faults that distort the V_oc vs V_mp relationship are identified by monitoring V_oc and V_dctime series
- Automatic over-voltage protection hardware (solid-state relay with manual reset).
- For example, a loose connection from the PV array/ Wind to the UPS’s DC bus may be identified
Smart relay may be upgraded for additional features (e.g., demand side management)

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